Rutinmankhwala formula ndi (C27H30O16 • 3H2O), vitamini, ali ndi zotsatira za kuchepetsa capillary permeability ndi brittleness, kusunga ndi kubwezeretsa elasticity yachibadwa ya capillaries. Kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda oopsa a ubongo kukha magazi; Matenda a shuga a retinal hemorrhage ndi hemorrhagic purpura amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chakudya choteteza antioxidants ndi inki.

Lagawidwa m'njira zinayi zotsatirazi:

1. Rutin NF11: ufa wachikasu wobiriwira, kapena kristalo wabwino kwambiri wa acicular; Zopanda fungo, zosakoma; Mtundu umakhala mdima mumlengalenga; Kutenthedwa mpaka 185-192 ℃, kumakhala thupi lofiirira la gelatinous ndipo limawola pafupifupi 215 ℃. Kusungunuka pang'ono mu Mowa wowira, kusungunuka pang'ono m'madzi otentha, kusungunuka pang'ono m'madzi ozizira, kusungunuka mosavuta mu isopropyl mowa ndi methanol, osasungunuka mu trichloromethane, etha ndi benzene; Kusungunuka mu alkali hydroxide solution. Njira yozindikiritsira ndi A: hydrochloric acid reflux hydrolysis kupita ku quercetin, yomwe malo ake osungunuka ndi 312 ℃B: mpweya wofiira wa cuprous oxide. C: Kuonjezera sodium hydroxide solution ndi lalanje chikasu D: Mowa yankho ndi ferric kolorayidi yankho ndi wobiriwira bulauni E: Mowa njira ndi hydrochloric acid ndi magnesium pang`onopang`ono ofiira okhutira: ≥95.0%(UV)(ndi mankhwala youma)

Kutaya kulemera: 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Kuwotcha zotsalira ≤0.5%

Chlorophyll ≤0.004%

Red pigment ≤0.004%

Zogwirizana ndi quercetin ≤5.0% (UV)

Chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya a aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Chiwerengero chonse cha nkhungu ndi yisiti ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli sichidzazindikirika /g

Malo osungira Sungani mu chidebe chotchinga mpweya kutali ndi kuwala.

2. Rutoside Trihydrate EP 9.0: ufa wachikasu kapena wachikasu wobiriwira. Pafupifupi osasungunuka m'madzi, osungunuka mu methanol, osungunuka pang'ono mu ethanol (96%), pafupifupi osasungunuka mu methylene chloride. Kusungunuka mu hydroxide solution. Njira yozindikiritsira ili motere: A: Kuyamwitsa kwakukulu pa 257nm ndi 358nm, ndipo kuyamwa kokwanira pa 358nm ndi 305 ~ 330. Kukula kumawonekera pamalo ofananirako a chromatogram ya mankhwala D: ethanol solution yokhala ndi hydrochloric acid ndi zinc iwonetsa zofiira.

Zomwe zili 95.0% ~ 101.0% (mwa mankhwala owuma)(titration)

Chinyezi 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Kuwotcha zotsalira ≤0.1%

Kuchuluka kwakuya kwakuya kwa zonyansa zowoneka bwino pa 450nm mpaka 800nm ​​sikuyenera kupitilira 0.10

Zinthu zosasungunuka mu methanol ≤3.0%

Zogwirizana ndi isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, zonyansa zonse ≤4.0%(HPLC)

Chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya a aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Chiwerengero chonse cha nkhungu ndi yisiti ≤102cfu/g

Mabakiteriya a Bile gram-negative ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli sichidzazindikirika /g

Salmonella sangathe kudziwika / 25g

Zosungirako sizikhala ndi kuwala

3. Rutin USP43: Njira yozindikiritsira ndi A: kuyamwa kwakukulu pa 257nm ndi 358nm, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe kokwanira pa 358nm ndi 305 ~ 33. B: Mawonekedwe a infrared absorption ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi chromatogram ya chinthu chofotokozera. C: Nthawi yosungira pachimake cha chromatogram ikuyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi zomwe zatchulidwa

Zomwe zili 95.0% ~ 101.0% (mwa mankhwala owuma)(titration)

Chinyezi 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Kuwotcha zotsalira ≤0.1%

Kuchuluka kwakuya kwakuya kwa zonyansa zowoneka bwino pa 450nm mpaka 800nm ​​sikuyenera kupitilira 0.10

Zinthu zosasungunuka mu methanol ≤3.0%

Zogwirizana ndi isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, mono-miscellaneous ≤1.0%, chidetso chonse ≤4.0%(HPLC)

Chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya a aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Chiwerengero chonse cha nkhungu ndi yisiti ≤103cfu/g

Escherichia coli sichipezeka pa 10 g

Salmonella sichipezeka pa / 10g

Malo osungira osindikizidwa ndikusungidwa kutali ndi kuwala.

4. Muyezo wa Utumiki WS1-49(B)-89 wa Rutinum: ufa wachikasu kapena wachikasu wobiriwira, kapena kristalo wabwino kwambiri wa acicular; Zopanda fungo, zosakoma; Mtundu umakhala mdima mumlengalenga; Kutenthetsa mpaka 185 ~ 192 ℃ kukhala gel osakaniza. Kusungunuka pang'ono mu Mowa wowira, kusungunuka pang'ono m'madzi otentha, kusungunuka pang'ono m'madzi ozizira, osasungunuka mu trichloromethane ndi ether; Kusungunuka mu alkali hydroxide solution. Njira yozindikiritsira ndi: A: red cuprous oxide precipitate. B: Mayamwidwe a infrared ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi chinthu chowongolera. C: Mayamwidwe apamwamba kwambiri amapezeka pamafunde a 259±1nm ndi 362.5±1nm.

Zomwe zili ≥93.0%(UV)(ndi chinthu chowuma)

Kuwonda kowuma 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Kuwotcha zotsalira ≤0.3%

Zinthu zosasungunuka mu methanol ≤2.5% (yosasungunuka mu ethanol)

Zogwirizana ndi quercetin ≤4.0% (Wowonda wosanjikiza)

Chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya a aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Chiwerengero chonse cha nkhungu ndi yisiti ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli sichidzazindikirika /g

Salmonella sichipezeka /g

Malo osungira osindikizidwa ndikusungidwa kutali ndi kuwala.

Pharmacological effect:

Antifree radical action

Mamolekyu a okosijeni amachepetsedwa ngati ma elekitironi amodzi mu cell metabolism, ndipo ma ayoni a O opangidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa mamolekyu a okosijeni mu mawonekedwe a ma elekitironi amodzi ndiye kuti amapanga H2O2 ndi poizoni kwambiri ·OH ma free radicals m'thupi, motero amakhudza khungu. kusalala komanso kufulumizitsa kukalamba kwa khungu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera rutin kuzinthuzo mwachiwonekere kumatha kuchotsa mitundu yokhazikika ya okosijeni yopangidwa ndi maselo. Rutin ndi gulu la flavonoid, lomwe ndi antioxidant wamphamvu pochotsa ma free radicals. Ikhoza kuyimitsa machitidwe a ma free radicals, kuletsa peroxidation ya polyunsaturated fatty acids pa biofilms, kuchotsa lipid peroxidation mankhwala, kuteteza umphumphu wa biofilms ndi subcellular structures, ndikuchita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'thupi. [2]

Antilipid peroxidation

Lipid peroxidation imatanthawuza njira zingapo zamakutidwe ndi okosijeni zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mitundu yokhazikika ya okosijeni yomwe imawononga mafuta a polyunsaturated mu biofilms. Zhu Jianlin et al. adatsimikiza ndi kusanthula zochitika za SOD mu makoswe, zomwe zili mu MDA yaulere ya lipid peroxidation, komanso zomwe zili mu Lipofuscin m'chiwindi chachikulu, ndipo adapeza kuti rutin anali ndi cholepheretsa cha lipid peroxidation mu makoswe othedwa, ndipo amatha kuletsa kuchepa kwa antioxidant mphamvu. a antioxidant system mu makoswe atathedwa. Rutin imatha kukana kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya antioxidant chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa endogenous estrogen ndipo imakhala ndi antioxidant effect. High density lipoprotein (HDL) imakhala ndi anti-atherosclerotic zotsatira. Komabe, HDL, monga low density lipoprotein (LDL) ndi low density lipoprotein (VLDL), imathanso kukhala oxidized ndi kusinthidwa mu vitro. HDL ikasinthidwa ndikusinthidwa kukhala Ox-HDL, imakhala ndi zotsatira za atherosulinosis. Meng Fang et al. adafufuza momwe rutin imakhudzira HDL oxidative modification ndi Cu2+ mediated oxidative modification in vitro. Kutsiliza Rutin akhoza kulepheretsa kwambiri kusintha kwa okosijeni kwa HDL. [2]

Mphamvu yotsutsana ndi kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi

The pathogenesis ambiri amtima ndi cerebrovascular matenda, monga thrombosis, atherosulinosis, kutupa ndi ischemia-reperfusion free radical injury, ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndi kuyanjanitsa kwa plateletactivatingfactor (PAF). Chifukwa chake, kutsutsa zotsatira za PAF ndi njira yofunikira yochepetsera matenda a mtima ndi ischemic. Kuyesera kunawonetsa kuti rutin imatha kusokoneza kumangiriza kwa PAF ku kudalira kwa ma cell a kalulu, kulepheretsa kuphatikizika kwa ma cell a kalulu mu akalulu komanso kuwonjezereka kwa ndende ya Ca2+ mu PMNs, kutanthauza kuti njira ya rutin yotsutsana ndi PAF ndi. kuletsa kuyambitsa kwa PAF receptor, ndikuletsa zomwe zimachititsidwa ndi PAF, kuti zithandizire chitetezo chamtima. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti rutin anali PAF receptor antagonist. [2]

Anti-acute pancreatitis

Rutin imatha kuteteza bwino hypocalcemia ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa Ca2+ mu minofu ya kapamba. Zinapezeka kuti rutin imatha kukulitsa zomwe zili mu phospholipase A2 (PLA2) mu minofu ya pancreatic ya makoswe, kutanthauza kuti rutin ikhoza kuletsa kutulutsidwa ndi kuyambitsa kwa PLA2 mu minofu ya pancreatic. Rutin imatha kuteteza bwino kupezeka kwa hypocalcemia mu makoswe a AP, mwina poletsa kuchuluka kwa Ca2 + ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa Ca2 + m'maselo a pancreatic minofu, potero kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa pathophysiological kwa AP. [2]

Ndemanga: https://mp.weixin.qq.com

https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper

Kwa rutin, chonde titumizireni. Tikukuyembekezerani pano nthawi iliyonse.